By LI HONGYANG | CHINA DAILY
Miyun Reservoir, a crucial water source for
Beijing, has seen elevated water levels in the past few years thanks to the
South-to-North Water Diversion Project. CHEN ZHENHAI/FOR CHINA DAILY.
The central
government plans to carry out risk assessment and reinforcement projects on its
reservoirs to increase flood protection.
According
to the Ministry of Water Resources, by the end of 2022, safety appraisals will
have been completed on about 31,000 reservoirs.
As parts of
South China entered flood season in April, reservoirs that can stop floods need
to be reinforced, especially damaged ones, the ministry said.
China has
about 98,700 reservoirs, and more than 80 percent of them were built between
the 1950s and 1970s, it added.
Of the
reservoirs, 4,700 are large and medium-sized and 94,000 are small, the ministry
said.
To
eliminate risks and strengthen small reservoirs, the central government plans
to allocate 12.5 billion yuan ($1.9 billion) and arrange for an additional 12
billion yuan for maintenance subsidies throughout the 14th Five-Year Plan
(2021-25).
In recent
years, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of
Finance have jointly spent 155 billion yuan from the central government fund on
reservoir projects, the Ministry of Water Resources said.
Wei
Shanzhong, the vice-minister, told a recent news conference that the protection
of some reservoirs is weak, and routine maintenance is not in place.
"Some
reservoir projects have been damaged at different levels by natural disasters
including excessive floods and strong earthquakes. This accumulated damage will
pose dangers," he said.
"Hidden
dangers of projects involve faults in aging engineering facilities such as
water releases and water delivery structures. Eliminating these dangers will
help projects meet flood control standards and guarantee safety," he said.
Other
benefits include improving their storage capacity, water supply capability,
irrigation function and aquatic ecosystem, he added.
The
ministry has devised three measures to maintain scattered small reservoirs: let
local institutions and State-owned enterprises form an agency specifically for
reservoir protection, have the local government purchase flood protection
services from organizations or entrust the protection of small reservoirs to
large and medium-sized water conservancy agencies nearby.
It piloted
the measures in model county or township-level areas that could choose one of
the three options.
From 2016
to 2020, China's annual reservoir dam failure rate was 3 per 100,000 on
average, the country's lowest in history and far below the world-recognized
standard of 10 per 100,000.
"That
was due to good reservoir reinforcement work over the years, and the safety of
reservoir dams is generally controllable now," Wei said.